Short-acting - Alprazolam (Xanax), lorazepam ( Ativan) Ultra-short acting - Midazolam ( Versed), triazolam ( Halcion) They are usually classified by how long their effects last.
Given before an anesthetic (such as before surgery)īenzodiazepines act on the central nervous system, produce sedation and muscle relaxation, and lower anxiety levels.Īlthough more than 2,000 different benzodiazepines have been produced, only about 15 are currently FDA-approved in the United States. Inducing amnesia for uncomfortable procedures. Taking too much and running out of the prescription, being overly focused on when you can take the next one and feeling you can’t live without it might also be signs of a problem.ĭoctors may prescribe a benzodiazepine for the following legitimate medical conditions: Sometimes people who have prescriptions misuse their medications, as well. When people without prescriptions obtain and take these drugs for their sedating effects, use turns into abuse. They are some of the most commonly prescribed medications in the United States. Benzodiazepines are a type of medication known as tranquilizers. Left untreated, abusing these drugs can negatively impact your relationships, career, and your physical and emotional health. Clinical hand findings are shown (Figure A).Benzodiazepine abuse is more common than you may think. On physical examination, he appears diaphoretic, anxious, and has scleral icterus. His temperature is 100.2☏ (37.9☌), blood pressure is 150/90 mmHg, pulse is 130/min, and respirations are 22/min. However, the recent death of his brother motivated him to stop drinking. He has a 35 pack-year smoking history and drinks multiple alcoholic beverages a day. 
His past medical history is notable for multiple prior hospitalization for acute pancreatitis. Within the past few hours he developed severe nausea and vomited twice. He also states that he hears his recently deceased brother speaking to him.
He reports that he began developing tremors, irritability, and severe anxiety approximately 18 hours prior to presentation. Spongiform Encephalopathy / Creutzfeldt-Jakob DiseaseĪ 61-year-old man presents to the emergency department due to severe malaise.
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